Composting Fundamentals for Green Living 101

Did you know that anything that was once living is able to be composted? ​Let's explore how composting works. Composting is the natural process of recycling organic materials, like our food scraps, yard waste, and even certain paper products to become nutrient-rich soil. Microbial life helps break down compost materials by releasing nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from organic matter. Aerobic (oxygen-requiring) decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi combined with heat fuel the composting process. As we observe and mimic the natural process of composting, we reduce organic waste in landfills and lower greenhouse gas emissions. When properly maintained, composters have no need to be concerned about confusing instructions, smelly messes, or pests in the area. Every day can be an earth-friendly day when you know the composting fundamentals for green living.

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Composting Fundamentals for Green Living 101

Green living practices contribute to our adaptations for a more sustainable environment. A little bit of composting has a huge climate impact. Rich soil which retains more water and nutrients without the use of chemicals is one of the primary benefits of this method of composting. Boosting soil quality and conserving water improve our ecosystems.  

The decomposition process functions most effectively when your compost pile maintains a balanced ratio of carbon-rich "brown" materials (dry leaves, paper) to nitrogen-rich "green" materials (vegetable scraps, grass clippings). For the most effective composting chemistry, a basic formula of 3 parts brown matter (carbon) with 1 part green matter (nitrogen) is often recommended with routine turning of the pile for proper aeration and to maintain moisture levels for microbe activity.

If you're ready to begin composting at home, first prepare a compost bin or pile in a well-drained area. Your start can be as simple as a cardboard box functioning as your compost bin or involve more advanced technology. Regularly add in your mix of green and brown materials, periodically turning your compost to introduce oxygen to help with decomposition. 

Food scraping is one component of composting and works to reduce excess carbon in the atmosphere. Food waste accounts for up to 40% of organic matter in landfills, generating methane greenhouse gases. For the more ambitious environmentalists, Bokashi composting is fermentation of organic materials including dairy and meat, sealed in air-free, airtight environments. 

What are your dirty little secrets for composting?

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